Guillain-Barr Syndrome Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Guillain-Barr Syndrome - Article Example In his examination, intense pharyngeal-cervical-brachial kind of GBS, disguising brainstem stroke in a youngster, Syed (2012) looks to dissect the manifestations of a kid who is conceded in the emergency clinic with trouble taking care of and left arm shortcoming after gastroenteritis case. For the situation report, the kid had typical achievements and traded off respiratory framework muscles. Much after indicative treatment, the lower engine neuron loss of motion and the poor pharyngeal reaction persevered prompting helped takes care of through gastric cylinders. Organization of intravenous immunoglobulin switched the condition and follow-up done. Following one month, the youngster could take care of and display great engine reaction. Such research is a level one research. There is insignificant develop, and beginning examination done to set the consistency of the discoveries. Moreover, there is arrangement of speculations that are dependent upon progressively thorough testing in le vel two research. In spite of using a solitary contextual analysis, the exploration discoveries have a moderate level of unwavering quality. The analyst was thorough in examination of the administration of the customer from admission to release and development. He investigations the data without leaving any flawed holes. The exploration discoveries are henceforth dependable (Syed, 2012). The second-inquire about article looks to test and build up the different subtypes of GBS among kids. The specialists had a center goal of uncovering the clinical and electrophysiological examples of GNS among youngsters with utility of cerebrospinal liquid and nerves engine reaction. The examination was a planned report. The scientists did gather relevant data from customers with GBS conclusion for a time of 7 years. 108 patients were being used during the exploration. The example populace consisted of the two sexes. The discoveries indicated that the pinnacle age for the condition foundation the example populace was 3 to 6.5 years. Newborn children likewise possessed he

Transportation Infrastructure Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Transportation Infrastructure - Research Paper Example Because of this explanation, clients counsel solid organizations which use the most recent methods of transportation and advancements for productive conveyance. The utilization of most recent advances has presented new patterns in transportation industry and put certain immediate ramifications on various on-screen characters related with this field (http://www.transportationissuesdaily.com/technologys-job in-moving-human products faster/). These on-screen characters incorporate framework (for example streets, parkways, spans, railroads, metros, tramways, air terminals, seaports and so on), methods of transportation (for example transports, vehicles, rails, cable cars, planes, cargo and so forth), and capacities relating to of transportation industry. Since clients keep themselves ceaselessly draw in with new creative administrations in all features of life, in this way, by concentrating on transportation framework, this paper essentially depicts the advanced improvements in transport ation foundation and its definitive effect on various parts of transportation. Framework is essentially a sorted out physical structure which is built up for a specific activity at government or corporate level. Specifically setting, the word framework is utilized for transportation like streets, water gracefully, and correspondences and so on as such, â€Å"the physical segments of interrelated frameworks giving items and administrations basic to empower, support, or upgrade cultural living conditions† (Fulmer, 2009). So also, transportation framework is a sorted out structure which is used for the shipment of merchandise, items, benefits and even travelers starting with one spot then onto the next (http://www.askoxford.com/concise_oed/foundation). The transportation framework is the aggregate of every single specialized instrument and associations intended to empower people, items, and news to ace space. Its arrangement any given time reacts to the complex of human needs, monetary, social, social, religious and so forth.

a winter wonderland COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

a winter wonderland COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog A snowstorm in New York City can be enchanting, especially when viewed from indoors! However, it is not in our nature to stay put for long and the show must go on! So, we New Yorkers bundle up and do our best to traverse the snow banks that have replaced the street curbs and sidewalks, keep upright on the ice (lifehacker tip: walk like a penguin!) and keep fingers/toes from freezing. Temperatures today hover in the teens (12 degrees right now) and the wind that whips across Morningside Park, between the streets and avenues all over the area can take your breath away, literally! While these pictures were taken personally, the Gothamist’s piece “enchanting new photos prove polar vortex snowstorm was totally worth it” features some great ones.   Be sure to watch this gorgeous black and white video of the snowstorm in Morningside Heights too!

Representations of Immigration Through Music Essay

Art encompasses many different forms, from paintings, writing, drawing, dance, and even music. It is a way of expression for the artist in its various forms. Music, in particular, allows the artist and listener to engage in the work and better understand what the musician wanted to tell. Music provides listeners with an escape from their world and into a world filled with tunes and emotion. There are many different genres and types of music and each can tell a story. Looking at these artists’ music videos, they also represent feelings of the artists. Things in the videos are used specifically to create an affective feeling and response. Music is able to represent different events and discus contested issues in a forum that the artist†¦show more content†¦The Mexican government and media also discouraged migrants from going o the United States. Newspapers and politicians alike, warned migrants of the potential discrimination they could face. The United States appeared to be the Promised Land, in which there was a need for cheap labor, something that was difficult to find in Mexico. Following this, illegal immigration also began to rise, which caused the United States to increase border patrol agents. This changed how the border patrol was and into what it is today. Mexican migrants began to be seen as a threat, instead of looking the many reasons for leaving Mexico, like a decreased job market and the still present effects of the failed Mexican Revolution. This program along with many acts to follow set the stage for increased anti-immigrant sentiment and frames what many Mexican American artists talk about. Stereotypes in the media portray migrants as drug smugglers or maids. These blatantly racist images only further the assumed stereotypes facing Mexican Americans. Immigration and immigration reform is a highly talked about issue in the media, which leads to false stereotypes being continually shown. In addition to this, music videos and lyrics are also ways in which Mexican immigration becomes a topic of controversy. Mexican American artists use music as a form of spatial entitlement to turn ordinary and sonic sites into a space of mutuality and solidarity . The use ofShow MoreRelatedThe Issues Arising From The Media Representation Of Race1271 Words   |  6 PagesThis essay will highlight the key issues arising from the media representation of race. In the essay the concepts of stereotyping, othering and appropriation will be discussed with the hope of showing that there are many issues in regards race. Race is not easily defined, however simply put the Concise Oxford Dictionary d escribes race as â€Å"A group of people or things with a common feature.† To think of race is to think of racism as John storey says The first thing to insist on in discussion ofRead MoreAnalysis Of The Film The Visitor 1389 Words   |  6 Pageshad previously thought he would never experience again. Walter was an example of one man helping the less fortunate and privileged through the suffering of adversity of political persecution. Walter was isolated and detached when we first met him, it was surprising when he offered his apartment to the couple and showed such compassion in the desire to support them through whatever difficult situation they came in contact with. I questioned myself as I watched Walter Vale whether I will be able to followRead MoreSin Nombre2105 Words   |  9 Pagesproduction, Fukunaga continued his interest in the topic of immigration, and came up with the creation of Sin Nombre. The film follows both a young gangster of the Mara Salvatrucha gang, Casper, and young girl from Honduras, Sayra, on their difficult journey to America. Fukunaga’s overall reason for the film was to express the hardships Central American people face on their journey to America, in hopes that people could see immigration from a different light. The film is directed mainly towardsRead MoreManifestation of Latin-American Gender Roles in American Media1220 Words   |  5 Pagesmedia to mediate social change and reproduce assumptions about womens appropriate roles creates inaccurate images of Gloria and Claire as modern women. (2011, p.3) Additionally stated by Lehmann is that the work Constructing Gender Stereotypes Through Social Roles in Prime-Television makes provision of a definition of the construction of female identity and communication throughout television. It states that stereotypes offer generalization about people on the basis of their group membershipRead MoreIntertextuality In Ragtime1466 Words   |  6 Pagesworld of the story. First and foremost, Ragtime’s intertextual material and connections are placed in the middle of both realism and postmodernism. Gerard Genette’s structuralist theory of intertextuality can be seen as an appropriate representation in which through Ragtime can be considered, due to its open structuralist’ tendency that it embodies. Scouring narrative forms with the use of political past as both a personal and public legacy, Doctorow committed to a tradition of American realismRead MoreCultural Change and Shifting Views of America Essay1591 Words   |  7 Pagesof the country was communicated through billboards, photographs, cartoons, advertising, motions pictures, etc. It was divided into two sections that included a flashy ‘White City’ style of architecture that housed hundreds of industrial and artistic exhibit and ‘The Midway Plaisance’ of shops, entertainment, and on a mile long strip of cultural influenced displays. Its acres of exhibitions praised American materialism and a visual culture through a representation of modern economy and commercialismRead MoreWhat Led to the Collapse of Consensus?1489 Words   |  6 Pagestruth they’re all bunch of phonies†. The book was banned in schools in 15 states. Youth culture was the basis upon which consensus was destroyed. Rock ‘n’ Roll was a way of expressing the generation gap, unfortunately parents called it the devil’s music. Radio helped spread it with disc jockeys and the Top 20 with cheap 45 rpm singles and the LP in 1948 and juke boxes. Record sales were over $5000 million in 1960. The stars were Chuck Berry and Elvis Presley. Adults thought Elvis was obscene. TheRead MoreCriminalization Vs Criminalization982 Words   |  4 Pagesoutside of the dominant social norms is labeled as a criminal, and is influenced by racism, sexism, and nationalism ideologies. In criminalization, laws are made to make certain bodies and acts criminal, and is a multi-step practice in which media representation helps shape popular views of criminal behavior and criminals. Examples are laws forbidding homosexuality and minimum sentencing for possession of drugs. A person can be criminalized for same-sex loving because it falls out of dominant heteronormativityRead MoreAnglican Adherence From 1947 t o 20111696 Words   |  7 Pagesreaching 6.7% in 1971, â€Å"The specific instruction if no religion, write none included in the 1971 Census saw an increase in this response from 0.8% in the previous Census to 6.7%.†(Australian Social Trends, 2013). The chart below is a visual representation of the growth in the ‘no religion’ category.(sourced from Australian Social Trends, 2013). Account for the rise of the Uniting Church. The Uniting church was formed in 1977, when majority of Presbyterian, Congregation, and Methodist adherentsRead MoreCambodian Refugee’s and their adjustment to American Society One of the youngest ethnic groups of3200 Words   |  13 Pagesunder certain United States immigration laws, selective refugees that are so called 1.5 generation born face one of the greatest challenges in society, deportation. It has become enforced by both the American and Cambodian government policies; immigrants who are convicted criminals and lack U.S. citizenship are to be deported back to their country of origin. What are the factors and causes that these Cambodian refugees experience within the United States and how the immigration laws settle with them?

Domain / Curricular Structure Writers Workshop ...

Domain/Curricular Structure: Writers workshop: Introducing your writing topic Goal/Concepts to be explored: †¢ I want the students to understand different strategies that authors use to introduce a topic. Ex. Surprise the reader, quotes somebody, ask a question †¢ I want the students to be able to construct their own introduction to a topic based on the animal they have been researching. Objectives/Indicators: †¢ Standard 2: Write informative/explanatory texts to examine and convey complex ideas and information clearly and accurately through the effective selection, organization, and analysis of content. o 1.Write informative/explanatory texts that: a. introduce a topic and group related information together; b. use information from multiple print and multimedia sources; c. include illustrations to aid comprehension; Content/Rationale: †¢ I chose this lesson because these students have been working on researching animals that they have each selected. They will soon be creating a mini-booklet about their individual animal. From what I have observed with this group of students is that they generally have a hard time getting started on their writing, so I want to use this lesson to focus on different ways to grab the readers’ attention. Professional Resources: †¢ Ray, K. w., Cleaveland, L. B. (2004). About the authors (pp. 85-91). Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. †¢ Laman, T. T. (2013). From ideas to words (pp. 2-8). Portsmouth, NH: Heinemann. Materials: †¢ NationalShow MoreRelatedLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages. . . . . . . . 119 . 122 . 124 . 125 . 127 . 128 Section 3: Organizing 7—Organizations and Organizational Culture . . . . . . . . 131 Organizing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . What an Organization Is . . . . . . . . . Organizational Structure . . . . . . . . . Getting Started with Organizing . . . Formal and Informal Organizations . Libraries as Organizations . . . . . . . . Organization Charts . . . . . . . . . . . . Organizational Culture . . . . . . . . . . Getting to Know the CultureRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pagesover national legislation, and diasporas with their attachment to home nations. Enormous and inconclusive social science literatures have tried to gage the effect of immigration and emigration on national economies, political participation, social structures, and national demography. Recent work on â€Å"transnationalism,† â€Å"diaspora,† and migrant networks has tried to move beyond this kind of knowledge, but more often than not it presents itself as a depiction of a â€Å"new† kind of migration and does not

Post modern architecture Free Essays

Watchtower I have chosen to research post modern architecture. This piece is called â€Å"Watchtower† by Sigma Pole in 1984. He used a synthetic polymer paint and dry pigment on patterned fabric. We will write a custom essay sample on Post modern architecture or any similar topic only for you Order Now He is a German painter. He grew up in East Germany but moved later with his family to West Germany in Witch. He studied at the Academy of Art. He was Inspired by the â€Å"Capitalist Realist† ant-style art. He has created a unique design with scaffold In this painting. It Is suggested to be a concentration camp (momma). It could be a hunters blind or even a guard’s post. Pole used many combinations to complete this appalling with extended paintings of the watchtower and varying the scenes around it. He used a phosphorescent glow to accent the towers top. Pole used an abstraction along with many images to form this interesting painting. I like the textures of the background patterns on the left hand corner. It looks like it could be a metal material. There is even a path leading to the watchtower ladder and designs and lights for abstract detail. Post modern architecture was a movement of international style beginning from the designs in the sass’s but coming into effect in the sass’s. It is a different type of art. In my opinion, It Is futuristic with the use of older designs. It has a sense of motion with the lights and many patterns. Pole Is known for his use of multiple media wealth one canvas (earthlier). This Isn’t your typical architecture but it does include the elements to appear as an architectural design. Work cited The Museum of Modern Art, Momma Highlights, New York: The Museum of Modern Art, revised 2004, originally published 1999, p. 6 www. Earthlier. Com but moved later with his family to West Germany in Witch. He studied at the Academy of Art. He was inspired by the â€Å"Capitalist Realist† anti-style art. He has created a unique design with scaffold in this painting. It is suggested to be Pole used many combinations to complete this painting with extended paintings of art. In my opinion, it is futuristic with the use of older designs. It has a sense of Pole is known for his use of multiple media within one canvas (Ritchie). This isn’t revised 2004, originally published 1999, p. 306 www. Ritchie. Com How to cite Post modern architecture, Papers

Memory Improvement Strategies free essay sample

Memory Improvement strategies are split into two main groups which are organisation and mnemonics. Organisation this is when you categorise things into groups to aid memory recall. One method of organisation could be to construct a mind map. Research showing that organisation aids memory recall†¦ * Shuell two groups of participants were presented with a list of words. For one group the words were in a random order, whereas for the other group they were arranged under categories. After looking at the list, paticipants were asked to recall as many words as they could remember. * Participants who had the organised lists recalled significantly more words than participants who had random lists. * Mandler participants were given 52 cards with a randomly selected word on each card, they were then asked to sort the cards into between 2 – 7 categories of their choice. They were then asked to recall as many words as they could remember. The more categories the participants had used, the higher their recall of words. We will write a custom essay sample on Memory Improvement Strategies or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Research showing that organisation does not aid memory recall†¦ * Deese participants were presented with lists of associated words for example: thread, pin, eye, thimble, sewing, sharp. The participants were then asked to recall the words. * Deese found that a non-presented word such as needle was recalled by a large proportion of participants because they had organised it into a group with the words that had been presented. Mnemonic Techniques artificial methods used to enhance people’s memory involving providing a structure so that even random material can be organised effectively at the time of learning and can then be easily recalled. The following are some mnemonic techniques†¦ Method of Loci used to help remember a list of unrelated words. * You would think of a route you take regularly and you would then associate the words to locations on the route. * For example, one word might be eagle and on your route you may see a post box. You could imagine the eagle sitting on the post box. Research showing that the method of loci aids memory recall was carried out by†¦ * Bower asked participants to recall five lists of 20 nouns, one group used the method of loci and one did not. * The group using the method of loci recalled 72% of the nouns compared with only 28% in the group that did not use the method of loci. Story Method used to remember a list of unrelated words by linking them together within the context of a story.Research showing that the story method aids memory recall was carried out by†¦ * Bower and Clark they gave participants 12 lists of 10 nouns to recall, one group used the story method whereas the other group did not. * The group who used the story method recalled 93% of the nouns compared to only 13% in the other group. Face-name System helps to remember names. * You have to think of an image linked to the name of the person and link this image to a prominent feature on the person’s face. * For example – if someone was called Rachel Egginton you could imagine her with an egg on her head. Evaluation Strength all the strategies are effective in improving memory because they capitalise on our previous knowledge. Strength – organisation aids memory recall because it helps to chunk information together into categories and we cannot remember more than 7 chunks of information at any one time. Strength the face-name system has an application to the real world in that teachers often have to remember the names of many pupils. Weakness it is not clear which previous knowledge is used and why that particular knowledge is used. Weakness the methods often lack ecological validity – people do not have to remember a list of unrelated words in real life. Weakness – the techniques cannot be applied to more complex learning, for example understanding explanations of schizophrenia.

Do Women Have More to Gain or Lose from Migration than Men do

Do Women Have More to Gain or Lose from Migration than Men do Globally, men and women are involved in the tussle of moving from one point to another to seek for well-paying jobs. All these processes involve challenges that the migrants must face. When these genders migrate to foreign countries, men get jobs in high commercial companies, educational institutions, and hospitals. On the other hand, women are absorbed in jobs like mail-order brides, household workers, caregivers, and sex workers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Do Women Have More to Gain or Lose from Migration than Men do? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Obviously, the payment rates for these two categories of jobs are incomparable. In analyzing the employment fields that the two genders work after migrating to the foreign countries, it is evident that the men gain more than women do. Unfortunately, the society has grouped jobs in terms of masculine and feminine. Interestingly, these jobs are well paying as compar ed to the previous jobs that the women immigrants were doing in their native countries. Despite the fact that the feminine jobs are easy to find, they do not only have low pay packages but also have unfavorable working conditions. On the working conditions, the employees are not offered off duty programs, monetary motivation during overtimes, are physically abused, and have no access to labor unions. F or instance, house workers are prone to frequent abuses such as exploitation, forceful sexual advancements, unpaid wages, or salaries, and physical injuries. Conversely, the males enjoy varied services like job insurance, annual salary increments, hardship allowances, active labor unions, and job securities. From this point of view, the gains that women receive verses the loses they incur, reveal that women have more to lose from migration than their men colleagues do. In connection with the above point, traffickers do illegally take women out of their native countries with an intenti on of sexually abusing them. The persistent urge for sexual advancements among men makes sex workers remain in high demand. In this 21st century, there is the HIV/AIDS that is mostly transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse. This molesting behavior is not affecting the men immigrants. The repercussions of sexually transmitted infections are worse. Therefore, the women develop stress-related disorders like stigma, depression, and withdrawal. In addition, these traffickers can use the women in drug peddling, as they believe that such jobs are non-feminine, so the illegal trade would go on unnoticed. The infected women may lead a reckless life and can even spread the virus. In migration, women are the principal losers than the men. Moreover, in a continent like Asia, governments have formulated tough emigration policies for the women folk. In contrary, men can acquire their travelling documents at ease. In addition, most governments are releasing more visas to occupations tha t are masculine.Advertising Looking for essay on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Worse still, these same governments prohibit immigrations based on family reunions. Evidently, these laws are discriminatory to the women folk; they need to be amended to inculcate the interests of all genders. The period when men viewed females as sub-genders, who cannot match the male counterparts should be long gone. When these happen, women are the ones left to take care of the children. Since men prefer to have fewer responsibilities, they can even decide not to send money back home. The mothers, being emotionally attached to their children, will never leave the kids. They will be the families’ sole providers. It beats logic that men can also decide not to come back to their native countries. This situation makes women miss the emotional companionship. Remarkably, these women will struggle physically and menta lly to ensure that they put food on the table. Again, they will undergo emotional struggles in order to maintain their marriages and families. From this viewpoint, obviously, women have less to gain from the overseas migration phenomenon. Women who secure jobs in the foreign countries realize upward movements in the socio-economic status. However, this is incomparable to men’s changes of status. It is worth to acknowledge the economic strength women acquire after migration. Once again, the women’s economic strengths cannot be compared to that of men. Unfortunately, such women may pose ‘financial threats’ to their husbands. Certainly, men always feel insecure if their wives are earning more than what they earn or if they are jobless, but the wives are employed. Such groups of men can withdraw from household responsibilities like paying utility bills. The women are left to multitask in order to support the family and even secure or protect their jobs. This s cenario traumatizes women. For example, they can come late from work and at the same time, they need to prepare some household routines. These cases are prevalent among families, in developing countries, which move to developed nations like U.S. to seek for employment. To some extent, some women do migrate to join their family members in the diaspora. These women mainly do this for social aspects than economic aspects. Economically, these women do not become productive in their new houses. Instead, they will concentrate on the household tasks and even secure low paying jobs in their neighborhood. Therefore, women have less to gain from the migration than men do.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Do Women Have More to Gain or Lose from Migration than Men do? specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Tips for Graduate School Purpose Statements

Tips for Graduate School Purpose Statements Now that we have reached the end of my admissions essay website, I would like to take this opportunity to offer some final tips to those of you about to embark upon the purpose statement writing process. The following information I am about to advise has helped me to write several quality graduate school purpose statements as well as many other college papers. With that in mind, I hope that they will do the same for you. Some of the most important things to remember when writing any composition are quite often the easiest to forget. Keeping your self hydrated and well rested, for example, are two very important writing rules of thumb that many people disregard as unnecessary. If you are gearing up to write your essay, do yourself a favor and make sure to get lots of rest and to drink lots of water before getting started. Making sure that you are both mentally and physically prepared for the work is an important factor when writing a successful composition. Another thing to remember when writing your graduate school purpose statement is not to be too hard on yourself. The process of writing your admissions essay is a lengthy one; you are going to have good days and you are going to have bad days. That is why it is important to be good to yourself. If you are having a bad day and feel as though everything you write is wrong, take a break for a while. Or do something creative with your time. Writing your graduate school purpose statement isnt supposed to be fun, but it isnt supposed to be excruciating either! If you would like help in writing your purpose statement or if you would like some general information on graduate school purpose statements, please dont hesitate to access the link provided. You can also feel free to contact me directly as I would love to assist you.

Internet Fraud and the Need For Public Education Essay

Internet Fraud and the Need For Public Education - Essay Example Fraud detection software and security patches can barely outpace the criminals who are constantly in search of a vulnerability to exploit. Firewalls, password technology, and biometric devices all contribute to making the personal data that is available on the Internet more secure, but it is usually the gullibility and ignorance of the computer user that is the weak link in the security chain. Professional and public education is the most effective method for reducing and eliminating the crime of Internet Fraud. Internet fraud is an important issue based on the magnitude of the economic cost and the number of people who are at risk of becoming a victim of fraud. While the overall number of crimes reported has experienced a slight drop in recent years, combined losses for the US and the UK is on the rise and topped $12 billion in 2007 when as many as 1 in 13 people unwittingly gave out personal information to scammers (Johnson 2008; 'Protect yourself online'). In the US, financial losses for Internet fraud have skyrocketed from $183.2 million in 2005 to $8.5 billion in 2007 (Dignan 2008, p.33; 'Protect yourself online'). ... Criminals have turned to Internet fraud in increasing numbers because their identity is easy to conceal, few resources are required to perpetuate the crime, there is easy access to countless potential victims, and they can operate in geographic locations where pursuing prosecution is complicated (Grazioli & Wang 2001, p.194). All these factors influence the type of fraud engaged in, the method of working the scam, and the selection of the victim. Anyone who comes into contact with the Internet can become the victim of Internet fraud, but there are some markers that indicate segments of the population who are typically more at risk. Perpetrators are overwhelmingly male, with only one out of four being female (Dignan 2008, p.33). Professional criminals will often target banks that are known to have lax security systems or a low rate of fraud recovery (Anderson 2007, p.5). The most common Internet fraud is the illegal downloading of software or music, and 25 percent of the 10 to 25-year-old age group admitted to committing this crime in 2004 (Wilson et al. 2006, p.iv). The personal victims are twice as likely to be male rather than female, and males lose a greater amount of money per transaction on average (Dignan 2008, p.33). Internet auction fraud, which accounts for two-thirds of the fraud complaints, had a median loss of $800, while the median loss for all Internet fraud was $424 (Bywell & Oppenheim 2001, p.267; Dignan 2008, p.33). As with crime in general, small losses are generally unreported.

Slavery Abolishing in 1807 in Britain Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Slavery Abolishing in 1807 in Britain - Essay Example Slaves were captured in Africa and transported to Europe where they were sold to owners where they worked in plantations. Slaves were mistreated and harassed by their owners. They were not paid for the hard work they performed in plantation. During the transportation of slaves many would die of disease and only a few would arrive healthy for them to be auctioned. Problems would arise where the slaves would die from tropical diseases and owners would not provide proper medical care, slaves would be beaten mercilessly by their master and owners and there were no laws governing this immoral behaviour. However a few individuals in the society would consider slavery and slave trade as an immoral behaviour and this led to the formation of anti slavery movements. The abolishment of slavery was a long struggle dated back in the 1750 where a number of Quakers started to disapprove slave trade, the Quakers started to disapprove slave trade and encouraged slave owners to educate slaves, introdu ce them into Christianity and improve their working and living conditions, in 1783 a group of six Quakers pioneered a movement that was to start the struggle to abolish slave trade. These members included George Harrison, John Lloyd, William Dillwyn, Joseph Hooper, Joseph Woods, and James Phillips. this was a non denominational movement which was aimed at gaining support from parliament and the Anglican church. This movement gained popularity and an additional of three members from the Anglican Church joined the movement and this really strengthened this group, these Anglican members included William Wilberforce, Thomas Clarkson and Granville Sharp. After the joining of the religious members William Wilberforce was chosen to be the group member due to his connection with the British parliament, the struggle continued but Wilberforce faced strong resistance to the abolishment of slave trade in parliament and this was due to the fact that there was a powerful dependence on slaves and slave trade. The first petition to abolish slave trade was made in 1783 but it failed by the vote where more member opposed the abolishment of slave trade. In 1787 a committee for abolishment of slave trade was founded, the new mission was to inform the public on the immoral acts of slavery, this movement involved writing books on slavery, posters and printings pamphlets and holding rallies. This brought attention to the entire public to abolish slave trade. In 1791 Wilberforce presented a bill to abolish slave trade but the bill lost by the vote where 163 votes opposed the bill and only 88 agreed to this proposal, however this did not stop the committee from further publicity through the visit to places to enlighten the public and writing anti slavery work. Clarkson who was a committee member toured all cities and ports of England to inform the public about the ills of slave trade and slavery. In 1804 there was a successful revolt by slaves in Haiti, this revolt which was known as the Haiti revolt brought about a sense of insecurity among the public members who owned slaves, during this years also there was an increase in the number of slave owners who were slain by their slaves and this sense of insecurity brought about members of the public to support the ant slavery movement even in parliament Wilberforce who was a member of parliament for this period and continued to introduce the anti terrorist bill each year and it was not until 1807 that the British parliament abolished slave trade through the vote by members of parliament. From the above discussion it is clear that the

Ultrasonic Evaluation of Horizontal Defects

Ultrasonic Evaluation of Horizontal Defects A Novel Method for Ultrasonic Evaluation of Horizontal Defects Using Time-of-Flight Diffraction Abstract Time-of-flight Diffraction method (ToFD) is an amplitude-independent sizing method, which is based on the measurement of time-of-flight of defect tip diffracted waves. Although, ToFD can measure through-wall length of defect accurately, this method is not able to measure horizontal defect size. In this paper, a new time of flight diffraction (ToFD) method for evaluating horizontal planar defects is presented. The finite element method, using ABAQUS software package, is employed to simulate the ultrasonic wave behavior in the test blocks and its interaction with the embedded planar defects. The phased array technology is also used to model the ultrasonic inspection system parameters. FEM simulation of the new ToFD method for different crack sizes shows that, compared to the conventional ToFD method, the accuracy of results is within acceptable range to use the novel technique for measuring the horizontal planar defects. Keywords Ultrasonic wave, diffracted wave, horizontal planar defects, ToFD 1. Introduction Non-destructive testing has been increasingly used to assure the quality and reliability in the oil and gas pipeline industries. The ultrasonic pulse-echo technique uses the pulse flight time to locate the flaw and the echo amplitude to measure the defect size. Since the amplitude of the reflected pulses can be influenced by many parameters, such as beam spread, surface roughness and transparency, using amplitude is not always sufficient for accurate defect sizing (Krautkramer, 1990).The basis of the Time-of-Flight Diffraction (TOFD) technique was invented at the National NDT Centre, Harwell, in the 1970s. Time-of-Flight Diffraction was invented mainly by Silk and his co-workers at the Harwell Laboratory. It was developed over a period of about 10 years starting in the early 1970s, from a laboratory curiosity into a sophisticated full-scale inspection method capable of detecting and sizing defects in components accurately (Silk, 1973, 1974, 1976, 1978)[M1][S2]. The ToFD technique is an amplitude-independent sizing method, based on the measurement of time-of-flight of flaw tips diffracted waves. Golan and Sachese suggested a method to calculate crack size from the time delay between the arrival of a surface longitudinal reference beam and a longitudinal or shear beam diffracted from the tips of crack (Golan, 1980). Mak (Mak, 1983) developed a trigonometric method to calculate location, height and angle of defect by a transducer located in different scan positions. The ToFD technique provides the highest possible accuracy in measuring the depth and through-wall length of defects (Charlesworth et al., 2001), (Baby et al., 2003), (Al-Ataby, 2012). In 1986, finite element simulation of ultrasonic wave propagation and its interaction with defects have been conducted by Ludwig and Lord (Ludwig et al., 1986). The numerical analysis of wave propagation for ToFD in an austenitic stainless steel specimen with consideration of the effects of scattering at grain boundaries was carried out by Lin et al. (Lin et al., 2006), and Connolly (Connolly, 2009). They developed an efficient method for modeling the effects of coarse grains in austenitic materials. In 2007, simulation of the ToFD technique, using finite element method, was carried out by Baskaran et al. They used ANSYS finite element package to model the propagation of ultrasonic waves in a thin cracked two dimensional specimen (Baskaran et al., 2006). In 2010, Honarvar and Khorasani used ABAQUS software package to simulate the propagation of ultrasonic waves and diffraction phenomena. They compared simulated results for drilled-hole diffraction with photo elastic snapshots (Honarv ar and Khorasani et al., 2010). Though, ToFD provides better accuracy in locating and sizing defects than other ultrasonic sizing methods and has a high probability of flaw detection (POD), only through-wall length of the defect can be measured and the defect real size cannot be evaluated (Charlesworth et al., 2001). Therefore, ToFD method cannot be used for measuring and sizing horizontal cracks (horizontal planar defects) (ASME, 2010). In this paper, a new time of flight diffraction (ToFD) method is presented for evaluating and measuring horizontal planar defects. The finite element method, using ABAQUS software package, is employed to simulate the ultrasonic wave behavior in the test blocks and its interaction with the embedded planar defects. The finite element results for different crack sizes are used to study and investigate the presence and generation of different wave modes in the test block and the efficiency and efficacy of the new proposed method. 2. Review of conventional time-of-flight diffraction method (ToFD) The ToFD technique uses tip diffraction to identify the top, bottom, and ends of a discontinuity. Silk chose to use an angled compression wave for the ToFD technique rather than a shear wave, for two reasons. First, the tip diffraction signal is stronger than a shear wave diffraction signal, and second, a lateral wave is produced that can be used to measure the horizontal distance between the transmitter and receiver. The tip diffraction signal is generated at the tip of the discontinuity; effectively a â€Å"point† source. According to Huygens (Krautkramer et al., 1990), a point source produces a spherical wave. Figure 1-a shows a typical TOFD transducer set-up on a component with a vertical discontinuity. Figure 1-b shows both the lateral wave and a diffraction beam from the tip of a reflector. There are four sound paths from the transmitter to the receiver. Path â€Å"A† is the lateral wave path traveling just below the surface. Path â€Å"B† is the tip diffraction path from the top of the discontinuity. Path â€Å"C† is the tip diffraction path from the bottom of the discontinuity, and path â€Å"D† is the back wall echo path. Figure 2 shows a typical un-rectified received signal using ToFD. Note that the phase relationships A and C are in opposite phase to B and D. The important difference to note is between B and C; the top and bottom diffraction signals ar e in opposite phase. This phase difference allows the practitioner to identify those points.[M3] Assuming[S4] that the diffracting tip is centered between the two transducers, the depth of crack tips below the inspection surface can be calculated from (1) [M5][S6](2) and therefore, (3) Where a is the defect through-wall size, d1 is depth of top edge from surface, d2 is depth of bottom edge from surface and 2S is probe separation (see Figure 1-b). C is the longitudinal wave velocity inside the material, t2 and t3 are, respectively, the travel times of waves diffracted from the top and bottom of the crack. 3. Finite element modelingof time-of-flight diffractionmethod In this section, the finite element method (FEM) is used to simulate the ultrasonic wave propagation in the time of flight diffraction technique. The FEM modeling consists of two basic steps; defining mesh configuration and problem discretization, modeling of the transmitting and receiving transducers. ABAQUS finite element software package is employed for analysis and a two-dimensional four-node quadrilateral plane strain element, CPE4R, is used in ABAQUS to discretize a carbon steel test block including vertical crack. See Figure (1-b). The mesh size depends on the frequency of the propagated wave in the sample and the corresponding wavelength. The piezoelectric angle wave transducer, transmitter, is simulated by a transient single frequency pulse wave applying on the surface of the sample. The transient excitation is modeled using a cyclic single frequency pressure/force function as (Mardani et al., 2012), (4) where f is the excitation wave frequency and N is the number of cycles. Using linear delay law for phased array transducers, the compressional excitations can be applied on the sequential elements so that ultrasonic wave propagates at a specific angle, ÃŽ ¸S. The delay time between adjacent elements, or nodes, is calculated using hyphen’s principle (Olympus NDT, 2007) as, (5) where d is distance between two adjacent elements, ÃŽ ¸s is steering angle of propagation, C is longitudinal wave speed in the media and Δt is time delay between two adjacent elements. To investigate the convergence of the results and the appropriate element size for a 2 MHz frequency ultrasonic wave, the signal-to-noise ratio, SNR, is obtained for different element sizes. As it can be seen in Figure 3, at f = 2 MHz, the maximum SNR and SNR convergence occurs for the element sizes smaller than 60 ÃŽ ¼m. 4. The proposed method As it was mentioned before, using the conventional ToFD method in Eqs. (1) to (3), the difference between time-of-flight diffractions of upper and lower crack tips gives the defect through-wall size and the actual defect size cannot be measured. This means that the conventional ToFD technique leads to large errors for oblique defects and cannot also be used for horizontal defects. In the proposed method, a novel configuration and the corresponding formula are used so that the ToFD method can be employed to evaluate horizontal planar defects. Figure 4 shows the proposed ToFD configuration on the specimen with a horizontal planar discontinuity. As it can be seen, in this configuration, two transducers including a transmitter/receiver, No. 1 and a receiver, No. 2, are located at the both sides of defect. The ultrasonic wave propagation, in this configuration, is simulated using ABAQUS to study the behavior of ultrasonic wave modes in the test block and their interaction with the defect. In Figure 5, the different incident ultrasonic wave modes are shown. The transmitting transducer, T1, emits a short pulse of ultrasonic wave, longitudinal wave, into the component and energy spreads out as it propagates into the specimen. If the crack face is smooth, there will be a mirror-like reflection of the wave incident on the face. See Figure 6. For any horizontal planar discontinuity, whether smooth or rough-faced, diffraction from the edges of the defect causes some fraction of the incident energy travel towards the receiving transducers R1and R2 in longitudinal and shear modes with different wave velocity. As it can be seen in Figures 6 and 7, the mode conversion behavior due to the interaction of ultrasonic wave with the defect leads to the presence of longitudinal and shear waves from each tips of the defect. Moreover, three different wave modes, including longitudinal lateral, shear lateral and Rayleigh waves travel from the transmitting transducer, T1, to the receiving transducer, R2. See Figure 5. If the crack is large enough, the signals from the two end of defect will be sufficiently separated in time to be recognized as coming from separate sources. Therefore, using this configuration and the related ultrasonic wave propagation simulation, the time difference between the received longitudinal diffracted waves from the left and right defect tips to each receiver, R1 and R2, can be employed to measure the horizontal defect size. It should be noted that the new method can also be used for evaluating the vertical defects. To calculate the horizontal defect size using Pythagoras’ theorem gives, [M7] (6[S8]) and (7) where t1 is the arrival time of the signal diffracted from the left tip of the defect by receiver 1, R1, and t2 is the arrival time of the signal diffracted from the right tip of the defect by receiver 2, R2. CL is the longitudinal wave velocity and 2S is the separation between the transducers. 5. Results and Discussions To investigate the efficiency and efficacy of the proposed method, using finite element modeling, the novel method is carried out on eight carbon steel blocks with different size embedded horizontal cracks. The test blocks have 100 mm lengths and 20à ¯Ã†â€™Ã‚ 20 mm2 cross sections and are modeled with ABAQUS finite element software package using CPE4R plane strain elements. The acoustic and elastic properties of carbon steel are given in Table 1[M9][S10]. Each block contains a horizontal planar defect. The defects have 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14 and 16 mm length and 12 mm depth, see Figure 4. The transmitter is modeled as an 8-element 2 MHz phased array transducer. Each element of the phased array transducer has 0.5 mm length and the gap space between two adjacent elements is 0.1 mm. The first receiving transducer is located on the position of the transmitter and the second is located at 35 mm distance from the transmitter on the inspection surface, 2S = 35 mm. The ABAQUS finite elemen t software package is used to simulate the new ultrasonic ToFD method. The received signals at the first and the second receivers are shown in Figures 8 and 9. In Figure 8, the first echo is related to the transient pulse waves, Eq. (4), generated by the eight elements of the phased array transducer using a specific delay times, Eq. (5), which receives at the first receiver, initial pulse. In this signal, the second echo is related to wave diffraction from the left tip of the defect which is detected by the first receiver, R1. The back-wall reflection from back surface of the block is shown as the third echo in this figure. Figure 9 shows the signal received by the second transducer, R2. In this signal, the first echo is due to the longitudinal mode of the lateral wave which travels from transmitter to the receiver 2, R2, and the second echo is diffracted wave from the right tip of the horizontal defect. Figures 5, 6 and 7 show the corresponding waves propagated in the test block. U sing the signals detected by the receiving transducers, the corresponding times due to diffracted echoes from the defect tips (left and right) are determined, and then the horizontal defect size is measured using Eqs. (6) and (7). The new method is carried out on eight carbon steel blocks with different size embedded horizontal cracks. The measured crack size resulting from FEM simulation of each block is shown in Table 2. Comparing the simulated and the measured crack size results shows that the maximum error is %19.7 which occurs at 2 mm crack size. As it can be seen in Table 2, the measured crack size error is minimized within the crack size range of 8 14 mm and is slightly increased for larger defects. This agrees with the conventional ToFD results which show higher measurement errors at smaller crack sizes (Charlesworth et al., 2001). Considering the simulated results of different crack size shown in Table 2, show that accuracy of the proposed method for horizontal cracks, comparing to the conventional method for vertical cracks, is within acceptable range. 6. Conclusions In this paper, a new time of flight diffraction (ToFD) method to evaluate horizontal planar defects was presented. The finite element method was employed to simulate the ultrasonic wave behavior in the test blocks and its interaction with the embedded planar defects, such as crack. The phased array technology was also used to model the ultrasonic inspection system parameters. Simulation of the new ToFD method for different crack sizes, using ABAQUS finite element package, showed that, comparing to the conventional ToFD method, the result accuracies are within acceptable range to use the novel technique for measuring the horizontal planar defects. [M11]Using[S12] the new method for eight carbon steel blocks with different size horizontal cracks (2–16 mm) showed that the maximum error occurs at 2 mm crack length. Also, it was observed that the measured crack size error is minimized within the range of 8 14 mm and is slightly increased for larger defects. References Al-Ataby, A. A., Automatic detection, Sizing and Characterization of Weld Defects Using Ultrasonic Time-of-Flight Diffraction, PhD Dissertation, Liverpool University, p.95-96, 2012. American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), Boiler and Pressure Vessel code, Section V, Non Destructive Examination. Appendix N time of flight diffraction (TOFD) Interpretation, Article 4, 2010. Baby, S., Balasubramanian, T. , Pardikar, R.J., Palaniappan, M. , and Subbaratnam, R. , Time-of-Flight Diffraction (TOFD) Technique for Accurate Sizing of Surface-breaking Cracks, Insight, June, Vol. 45, No. 6, p. 426-430, 2003. Baskaran, G., Balasubramaniam, K., and Lakshmana Rao, C., Shear Wave Time-of-flight Diffraction (S-ToFD) Technique, NDTE International, Vol. 39, p.458-467, 2006. Charlesworth, J. P., and Temple, J. A. G., Engineering Applications of Ultrasonic Time of Flight Diffraction, England, RSP Press , p.20-28,2001. Connolly, G.D., Modeling of the Propagation of Ultrasound through Austenitic Steel Welds, Ph.D.Dissertation, UK Research Centre in NDE (RCNDE) Department of Mechanical Engineering Imperial College London, 2009. Golan, S., Sizing of Cracks with Scattered Ultrasonic Waves, Proceeding of First International Symposium Ultrasonic Characterization, p. 29-36, 1980. Hellier, C. J., Handbook of Nondestructive Evaluation, McGraw Hill, 2003. Honarvar, F., and Khorasani, S., Simulation of Time of Flight Diffraction (ToFD) Technique by Finite Element Method, Online Workshop in www.ndt.net, September, 2010. Krautkramer, J., and krautkramer, H., Ultrasonic Testing of Materials, Berlin, Springer-Verlag, 1990. Lin, S., Futomi, H., and Ogata, T., Analysis of Wave Propagation for the ToFD Method by Finite Eement Method: Optimization of Test Configuration and Proposal of a New ToFD Method, Nondestructive Evaluation, Vol. 25, 2006. Ludwig and, R., and, Lord, W., Developments in the Finite Element Modeling of Ultrasonic NDT Phenomena, Review of Progress in Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation, 5A, American Institute of Physics, p.73-81, 1986. Mak, D.K., Ultrasonic Method for Measuring Crack Location, Crack Height and Crack Angle, Ultrasonics, p.259-270, 1983. Mardani, M., Sodagar, S., and Rashed, G. R., Modeling of Ultrasonic Phased Array Method Using Finite Element Method, ISME2012, Shiraz, Iran. Olympus NDT, Advances in Phased Array Ultrasonic Technology Applications, Waltham, 2007. Silk, M.G., Defect detection and sizing in metal using ultrasound, Int. Metall, V.27, pp28-50, 1973. Silk, M.G., Accurate Technique for Defect Sizing in Pressurized Components, London, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, V.3, pp155-162, 1974. Silk, M.G., Defect Sizing Using Ultrasonic Diffraction, British Journal of Nondestructive Test, V.21, p.12-15, 1976. Silk, M.G., The Use of Diffraction-based Ttime-of-flight Measurement to Locate and Size Defects, British journal of Nondestructive Test, Vol. 26, p.208-213, 1978. [M1]please shorten this and delete repeated and unnecessary information. [S2]Done [M3]How do you see these in Figure 2? [S4]It can be explained by: The maximum amplitude at first (A) and third (C) echoes at tL and t2 are dip (negative) and the maximum amplitude at second (B) and fifth (D) are peak (positive). [M5]Show â€Å"S† in figure 1-b. [S6]Done [M7]Show all parameters in the figures. [S8]Done. [M9]Give all units in this table. [S10]Done. [M11]This is more like an abstract than conclusions. It adds nothing to the paper. [S12]Done.

Bartleby the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street

Bartleby the Scrivener: A Story of Wall Street is one of the most famous short stories written by world renowned author Herman Melville. John Self in his article in The Asylum describes the book as a keystone of modern literature. Published anonymously in November and December of 1853, it was again reprinted in The Piazza Tales in 1856.Much as it is a classic, it still baffles a lot of critics and have been subjected to various interpretations by many. The story of Bartleby continues to live on and tells of a story that is honest and profound.The best interpretation of the story which is deeply rooted in the cultural and actual economic makings of the United States is the theme that exploits the rise of capitalism during the time prior to the writing of the story. This makes the story something that is relevant and makes it a faithful account of the realities of the society during that development in the US economy. The economic transformation that happened did not only modernize the country but also affected the psyche of the working class as well as the personal relationship between employers and employees.The Wall Street being a major element of the story and considering the fact that it is currently one of the financial hubs of the US, one can assume that the author has a good eye for future financial potential. Allan Moore Emery, in his article â€Å"The Alternatives of Melville's Bartleby†, praises Herman Melville in his scholarly use of philosophy, theology and actual sources as he injected them with subtlety into his work. To have a thorough grasp of the the theme, one has to dissect the different elements in the story to see a clearer picture of how it relates to capitalism.The story is narrated by a lawyer who has a business of taking care of mortagages, bonds, and title deeds of wealthy men. This alone showcases the proliferation of real estates and high rise buildings during that time in New York creating a financial market that involves the employment of lawyers by men to protect their assets and properties. This further emphasizes that capitalists have acquired capital and required proper documentation for ease of business transactions. In the story, the lawyer already employs 2 scriveners, Nippers and Turkey, who copy legal documents by hand.He also has Ginger Nut who works as the office errand boy. The author in a way does not give specific details into his personal description of his characters making them all the more interesting and intriguing. However, it is notable how the author refers to his staff using nicknames and not by their formal given names. One can assume of the impersonal relationship of the lawyers with his workers. Here, the dominance felt by the upper classes is accentuated because of the actuations of the lawyer being the top person in the ladder.He feels that because he is the one paying the salary of his employees, he has power over them inside the office. He describes them in a manner that is not very flattering. He comments that though Turkey works well in the morning, his output deteriorates in the afternoon. Opposite is the case for Nipper, who because of his indigestion, works better in the afternoon than in the morning. Ginger Nut was given the nickname because he was always asked to fetch Ginger Nut cakes for the two scriveners. Here, Melville has a stab at humor to hide the sarcasm that is evident in the descriptions.The lawyer though pointing out the quality of his men's work always has a critique for their work attitude. He points out their malfunctions but never even admitting any shortcomings from his side. The different characters of the employees are a representation of the structure in a capitalist environment. The staff embodies a work force that have little room for advancement and working on monotonous tasks that takes a lot of patience in the long run. To cope with the intellectual dead end, one can be physically affected or find short means of escape to fathom the same work everyday.Thus, the break in the output of the lawyer's staff is their way of coping with the stress of monotony. The story then further unfolds in the introduction of Bartleby who was hired by the lawyer to act as a third scrivener because of his growing business. Bartleby's disposition can be described as eccentric and forlorn. A lot of the critics cannot help themselves to compare the attitude of Bartleby to Herman Melville. When Melville wrote this, it was a time in his life that he was also experiencing depression because of the failure of his work â€Å"Moby Dick†.A lot of the readers assumed that he probably patterned the character of Bartleby to his own (SparkNotes Editors). Bartleby appeared to be a satisactory worker with quality output as is characteristic of new hired employees in an industrial setting. The day came when he said the famous line that was the turning point of the whole story. When asked to proofread a copied document Bartleby said, â€Å"I would prefer not to† (Melville 18). This astounded the lawyer but made him more curious of the personality of Bartleby.In the normal business world of today, one only has to finish the sentence before being escorted out by security. In the story, Bartleby was not fired right away because the lawyer entertained the throught of compassion and considered Bartleby as a charity case. He further mentions how he found out that his stubborn scrivener lives and eats in his office. This may be interpreted as showing that the employer's feel that their employees are dependent on them for their immediate needs. This clearly shows the capitalist idea that the working class are being fed by their hands.Bartleby's outright refusal is symbolic of his impertinence to be a slave to capitalism. Melville skillfully outlined how Bartleby gave up his work entirely and chose to do nothing. This is suggestive of his rejection to conform to the exploitative nature of capitalists. The co nflict that arised between Bartleby and his collegues is imminent in the actual workplace. It shows of the struggles between individuals who have different views. It separates those who are management underdogs from those who are courageous enough to effect change.Turkey and Nippers' agitation at Bartleby is evident of their clear imprisonment to their dependency on their work and their inability to do something about it because of their age and probably their destroyed morale. Eventually, because of the exhaustion felt by the lawyer to the antics of Bartleby, he decided to leave his office. Bartleby created a ruckus in the old office because of his refusal to move out and was eventually taken by the police and imprisoned. This shows how property rights were strongly enforced during that time.Furthermore, Bartleby's act of sleeping on the corridors gives more emphasis on the gap between the capitalist and the working class. Though the lawyer tried to offer his house to Bartleby, one cannot be sure of the sincerity of it. One can interpret this as a way of pacification to alleviate the current condition of Bartleby. The capitalists often sugar coat their intentions to bribe and make the working class feel that there is something good that they can offer back. If Bartleby agreed on the lawyer's terms, he knew that it would be for a fee.He recognized this outright which made him refuse the offer. The lawyer's additional act of compassion despite Bartleby's indifference was to make sure that Bartleby was well fed in the prison. It seems that because of the growing capitalist power, they were able to form laws and punishments that will inhibit the obstinate acts of the workers but making it still appear moral by finding means of appeasing them as what is shown by the act of the lawyer. It is a way of paying for their conscience rather than a genuine act of compassion.The death of Bartleby is an abrupt end that provided yet another open interpretation from the reade rs. His refusal to eat the food offered him is an act of self-preservation wherein until his last breath, he never allowed to get swallowed by the capitalist power and died with his principles intact. The story ends with the lawyer's uncovering of Bartleby's past. Bartleby used to work in a Dead Letter Office and the lawyer assumed that this was the cause of Bartleby's absurd behavior. It is arrogant of the lawyer to assume this without further knowledge of the real story behind Bartleby's life.It may be that his depression was not caused by the nature of his former work but the mere closing of it. The change of administration that was the alleged cause of the Dead Letter Office's closing is symbolic of the capitalist's rise in power paving the way for a structure that is discriminate of the working class. In closing, Bartleby's sruggle is reminiscent of an era that shaped the current working environment and tells of a story that is not aimed for confusion but for intellectual furth erance. Works Cited Emery, Allan Moore.â€Å"The Alternatives of Melville's Bartleby†. California: The University of California Press, 1976. Melville, Herman. â€Å"Bartleby the Scrivener†. Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University, 2002. Self, John. â€Å"Herman Melville: Bartleby the Scrivener†. The Asylum. 7 June 2010 < http://theasylum. wordpress. com/2009/05/21/herman-melville-bartleby-the-scrivener/ SparkNotes Editors. â€Å"SparkNote on Melville Stories. † SparkNotes. com. SparkNotes LLC. n. d. 7 Jun. 2010.

Bipolar Disorder A Major Impact On The Social,...

Bipolar disorder is a highly intermittent illness often beginning in the critical life period of late adolescence and early adulthood. Bipolar disorder can have a major impact on the social, educational and occupational development of individuals. Psychotherapy has been found to treat people with a mental disorder by helping them understand their illness. It teaches people strategies and gives them tools to deal with stress, unhealthy thoughts, and unhealthy behaviors. Psychotherapy helps patients manage their symptoms better and function at their best in everyday life. Sometimes psychotherapy alone may be the best treatment for a person, depending on the illness and its severity. Other times, psychotherapy may need to be combined with medications to get the best outcome or treatment. Therapists will work diligently with individuals and families to devise an appropriate treatment plan. Not always, will it be easy to fine the appropriate treatment or balanced treatment for the patient and family on the first therapy visit. That being said, it can sometimes prolong a recovery or make the patient and family noncompliant. By far, the researchers and healthcare professionals know that the best and most effective treatment for bipolar disorder is early diagnosis and early intervention. So, it takes everyone to work as a team including the patient and family to be successful towards the road to recovery. Keywords: bipolar disorder, psychotherapy, medication,Show MoreRelatedThe Effects of Bipolar Disorder on Children and Their Families1778 Words   |  8 Pagesand these mood changes have been identified as disorders. One example, bipolar disorder is perhaps one of the oldest known diseases. It has grown into one of the most common illnesses that people of every age, culture, and gender must deal with on an everyday basis. 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Assessment Task Shc 23 †Introduction to Equality and...

Assessment task SHC 23 – Introduction to equality and inclusion in health, social care or children’s and young people’s settings. 1.Understand the importance of equality and inclusion. 1.1 Explain what is meant by: diversity, equality, inclusion, discrimination. The concept of diversity encompasses acceptance and respect. It means understanding that each individual is unique, and recognizing our individual differences. These can be along the dimensions of race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, socio-economic status, age, physical abilities, religious beliefs, political beliefs, or other ideologies. It is the exploration of these differences in a safe, positive, and nurturing environment. Equality means giving all children the†¦show more content†¦1.3 Explain how practices that support inclusion reduce the likelihood of discrimination. You should always be aware of practises within your workplace that might exclude some individuals. Some of these practices could be changed or modified in order to be more inclusive. The practises that support equality and inclusion are: Value difference, see the person not the barrier; Non judgemental approaches; Safety and equality/equal treatment; Honesty and challenging poor practice; Inclusive decision making; Cultural awareness and training; Recognised standards and values to work to; Consistent practices of the staff team; Zero tolerance. Achieving consistent practices across the staff team, will help to reduce the likelihood of discrimination, workers challenge poor practice and record and report any concerns. The organisational culture should be: to never accept poor practice and ensure all staff are trained and knowledgeable on the subjects of equality and inclusion, leading to a more open accessible and inclusive service that demonstrates values and qualities that promote inclusion. 2.Be able to work in an inclusive way. 2.1Identify which legislation and codes of practiceShow MoreRelatedCashe Level 2 Essay example18123 Words   |  73 PagesCACHE Qualification Specification CACHE Level 2 Certificate for the Children and Young People’s Workforce (QCF) CACHE Level 2 Certificate for the Children and Young People’s Workforce (QCF)  © CACHE 2011 Except as allowed by law, or where specified in the text, no part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior permission from the Council for Awards in Care, Health and Education. CACHE has provided this Qualification Specification in MicrosoftRead MoreLearning and Social Care Essay examples30870 Words   |  124 PagesCACHE Qualification Specification CACHE Level 3 Diploma for the Children and Young People’s Workforce (QCF) CACHE Level 3 Diploma for the Children and Young People’s Workforce (QCF) CACHE  © Copyright 2011 All rights reserved worldwide.    Reproduction by approved CACHE centres is permissible for internal use under the following conditions: CACHE has provided this Qualification Specification in Microsoft Word format to enable its Centres to use its content more flexibly within their own